Camera.



PATENT'ED FEB. 5, 1907.

framers w.'F. EOLMBIL CAMERA. armonici FILED In an. mos.

No. 343,149. l PATENTED FEB. 5, 19o?. W. R PGLMER.

CAMERA. L

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WILLIAM F. FOLMER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR, BY MESNEASSIGN- MENTS,TO FOLMER & SCHWING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

CAMERA.

Specification of Letters Patent.'

Patented' Feb. e, 1907.v

Application filed May 22, 1905. Serial No. 261,500.

a speclal construction of focal-plane shutters in which a pluralityr ofslits or transverse 'openin are prodlfced aving predetermined gradatlonsas to width or depth and to provide mechanism especially adapted to suchshutter for setting the same as required, indicating at what point theshutter 1s set, andl releasing the shutter for either instantaneous ortime work and for regulating and indicating the tension for the'shutter.

Another purpose'oflthe invention is to provide binding strips for theexposureopenings of the shutter of such construction as not to interferewith the winding of the shutter upon its several rollers, but which willeifectually prevent the shutter vfrom buckling at such openin A furtherpurpose o the invention is to provide a sim le and effectiveconstruction whereby it Wi be impossible to operate the shutter in anymanner while the focusingmirror remains in its upper position orpositionfor exposure, thus preventing an accidental second exposure of the platethrough lan untimely adjustment ofthe shutter.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination of theseveral parts, aswill be hereinafter fully setforth,

and pointed 'ont in the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings,

formingv a part of this specification, in which similar characters ofreference l indicate corresponding 1n-all the iig-- Figure 1 is avertical section through :a camera-box having rthe improvements applied,the hood` being' open for focusing. Fig

eetive view of the improved camera-box, t 'e hood being closed andtheview s the camerabox,`illustrating Ass being drawn upon a smaller scalethan in Fi .'1. Fig. 3 isa vertical transverse section ta en practicallyon the line' -3' 3 of Fig. 2.. Fig. 4 is an,-enlargcd partialside-elevation of the settin and trip mechanism -for the vshutter an the.means` for applying tensiontheraten 5 is an inner face view ofthemechanism shown in Fig. 4 and a section through the tensionroller forthe shutter. Fig. 6 1s an outer face view of the indicating mechanismfor, the shutter, which indicates the particular openingl therein to benext brought into action. Fig. 7 is an outer face view of thetension-indicating device, and Fi '8 is a plan view of the shutter laidflat. Flg. 9 is a plan view of one of the binding-strips for the sideedges of the openings in the shutter. Fig. 10 is a transverse sectionthrough the bindin v-strip and the portion of the shutter to whic it isgpplied, and Fig. 11 is a detail side elevation an addition to the tripmechanism shown in Figs. 4 and 5 and adapted to prevent thc shutter frombeing o erated while the mirror` remains out of focusing osition. Fig.12 is a side view ofthe parts shown in Fig. 1 1.

A represents a camera-box of any desired size and construction, at therear of which an exposure-opening 10 is located and over which from topto bottom a curtain-shutter B is passed, engaging with suitableguiderollers 11. Theupper end of the shutter is secured to awinding-roller 12, while the lower end of the shutter is attached to aspring-roller 13 of any desired type, both rollers 12 and 13 beingsuitably journaled in the sides of the box.

At the rear of the exposure-opening 10 appropriate ways V14: areprovided for a'plateholder. The focusin mirror 15 4and its frame arepivoted in t e body of the box in front of the exposure-opening 10 and`atithe rear of the lens A', as is customary. The shaft 16 of the mirroris spring-controlled, as usual, the spring acting when the mirror isreleased to close the opening 1 7 in the upper portion ofthemirror-chamber. When the mirror 15 is down or in focusing'position, it

.engages in a light-tight manner with a partition 18 at the rear o theinner chamber, rendering the rear of said chamber absolutely light-tightand dark When/ the mirror is in focusing position, as is indicatedinFig. 1.

.l The mirror 15 is held locked in focusing posimply pressing te-spring-'controlled button 22, connected withthe latch and leading outat one side of the camera-box, as is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 2.

A lens-support 23 is operated by means of the usual rack and pinion 24and 25, and over 'an openin 26 in the top of the camera-box a ground gass 27 is located. Above the ground glass a bellows focusing-hood 28 isproperly connected with the bod-y of the box and the cover A2 of thesame.

At the upperrear portion of the hood 28 a sight-opening 29 is producedin the bellows, and this opening 29 is held fully open no Inatter inwhat position the hood may be placed, except when the hood is ful-lyclosed, and this action is accomplished by a spring-yoke 30, located inthe bellows, which yoke is secured at its ends to the under face of thecover A2 and has bearing at its bow-section against a fold in thebellows belowv t-he sight-opening. Upon the under face of the cover A2 amirror 31 is secured.

The curtain-shutter B is shown in Fig. 8 extended or unwound and ispreferably ccmposed of a single strip of flexible opaque material havingthe transverse openings 32 therein of different widths and arranged atdifferent distances apart. The openings 32 in the shutter vary in widthfrom the narrowest at the lower end, where it is attached te thespring-roller 13, to the Widest at the upper end, where it is attachedto the roller 12, said widest opening being at least as large as theexposure-aperture at the rear of the' camera,

and the increase in size between the adjacent openings may be upon anydesired ratio. The diameter of the rollers 12 and 13 of course varies asthe curtain is wound upon them, and they are controlled by gears havinga deiinite rotation for each exposure and for the ptu'pose of making thecurtain as short as practicable and at the same time insuring thecoveringv of the sensitized material when the.

shutter is at rest. The opaque spaces between the openings vary insize-th at is, this opaque portion between the widest or timeexposureopening and the next widest or first. of the openings for instantaneousexposures 'is of about equal size to the widest or time opening, whilethe opaque portions between the narrower or other instantaneous operingsis wider. It is impractical to state the exact variation of the opaqueportions, as this will vary with the length of the curtain, the size ofthe rollers, andthe width of the openings; but 'it must be sul'licientto cover time exposures with full aperture terminated by the'movement ofthe curtain or by the;

and 13, and the longitudinal edges of the openings 32 `in the shutterare protected by thin metal strips 34, which serve to keep thelongitudinal edges of the openings in the shutter parallel under allconditions of use. In order that these binding-strips shall notinterfere with the proper winding of the curtain-shutter on its rollersand yet be sufficiently stiff to serve the purpose intended, eachbinding-strip 34 consists of a strip of met-al bent longitudinally uponitself to form a flat rear member 34n and a front arched or convexedmember 34", and at suitable interf14 vals in bot-h of the members of abinding? strip apertures 34c are made, so that when a binding-strip hasreceived an edge 'of the shutter between its members 34ZL and 34b thebinding-strip is made fast to the shutter by stitching 34l or the euivalent thereof, the threads being passed tirough the apertures 34, asis shown in Fig. 10.

On theright-hand side of the camera-box A, adjacent to the rear, a plate35 is secured over a recess 36 in the box A, as is shown in Fig. 3. Astud 37 is mounted to turn in the plate 35, and a gear-wheel 38 issecured to the inner end of the stud or post, being turned thereby. Uponthe inner face of' the said gear-wheel 38 studs 39 and 40 are oppositelylocated adjacent to its periphery. The teeth ofthe gear-wheel 38 meshwith those of a pinion 41, located at the right-hand end of thewindingroller 12 for the shutter, so that by turning the post 37 thegear 38 will turn the pinion and cause the roller 12 to wind the shutterthereon. The winding A mechanism for the roller 12 is controlled by anescapement B', which consists of a ring-body 42, loosely receivingwithin it the gear 38 and the pinion'41, which ring-body 42 has slidingmovement on the plate 35 and is spring-controlled.

The ring-body 42.is provided with opposing fingers 43 and 44, extendingover the gear-wheel 38, the upper faces of which fingers are inclined,while their lower faces are Hat. The ring-body 42 is provided withopposing slotted lugs 45, and guide-pins 46 exl tend through the slotsinto the plate 35. A spring 47 normally holds the ring-body in a forwardposition, as shown in Fig. 5, or so that the nearest lug 39 or 40,whichever is in that position, will be below the finger 44, so

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as to prevent the gear-wheel 38 being turned in a wrong direction-thatis, to unwind the shutter from the winding-roller 12 but when saidgear-Wheel 38 is turned in the opposite direction the lugs on thegear 38will snap by the rear finger k'44 of the. escapement and in so .doingwill force the ring-body rearward, and as the engaging lug clears thefinger 44 the body 42 will again assume its normal forward position,preventing the gear 38 from being turned backward. At eachhalf-revolution of the gear'38, or just after a lug on the gear haspassed the finger 44, an opening 32 1n the shutter will .have beenbrought into position for use, and that particular opening will beindicated in advance upon an indicat# ing-wheel 48 at the left-hand sideof 'the camera-box, which wheel is shown in detail in Fig. 6. Theoperator will therefore continue to wind the shutter until the indicatorshows that the desired exposure-opening 32 is in proper positionpreliminary to exposure. Thel indications on said wheel shown are 1indicating o enin s in inches and fractions, lthe letter in icating thatthe shutter is set for a time exposure and the letter O- that theshutter has full opening.

The indicator-Wheel 48 is contained within a' housing 49 at theleft-hand side of the camera-box, as is shown in Fig 3, which housing isrovided With a sight-opening 50, and at suc vopening fi ures or lettersappear one after the other, ang kor both, correspond to and indicate thevarious sizes of the shutter-openings 32. In the drawings the wheel 48is shown mounted upon a suitable pivot 51 and is provided with teeth,52,having curved peri heral portions, as also shown in Fi .6. he wheel 48is intermittently turne three teeth at 'each revolution of thesetting-wheel 38-by means of a disk 53, secured to the left-hand end ofthe Winding-roller 12, which disk is provided with a sing e tooth 54,adapted to enter the spaces between the teeth on the saidindicator-wheel 48.

When it is desired to set the shutter in Inot1on for an exposure, theescapement B must `be carried rearward, whereupon the finger 44 is movedfrom en agefnent with the rear lug 39 Ior 40 and the nger 43 is broughtunder he opposing lug on the said settin -wheel 38, permitting theshutter to unwin to the j extent of one-half a revolution of said wheel38 until one of said lugs 39 or 40 engages,

yiF-Whereupon the escapement is released, and in `lreturning to itsfirstposition the finger 43 is i llcarried out of action and the finger 44 is1 brought into action, and the next movement of the shutter must be aWindin one if the same aperture is'to be used for ty e next expsure';but if the next larger aperture is to be used no rewinding is'required.

f 1 The trip for the shutter, as shown,iconsists Iof a. stud 55 atntheright-hand side of the said letters or figures,

camera-box A, held to slide in the slot 56 in the plate 35, which studis secured to the rear end portion of the escapement B. The shutter-trip55 is operated'by an elbow-lever 57,'fulcrumed upon the outer face ofthe plate 35 adjacentto a stop-roller 58, the vertical member of whichlever is always in position to engage with the said trip-stud 55, as isshown in Fig. 4.

For time exposure the trip-lever 57 is operated by the fingers of the'right hand; but the arrangement for instantaneous operation is asfollows: On the righthand end of the mirror-shaft 16 alever-arm 59 issecured, whereby to set the mirror to focusing position, and at suchtime the lever-arm will extend downward, as is shown in Fig.'4. At thesame end of the 'mirror-shaft 16 a disk 60 is loosely' mounted, pressedoutward by a spring 61, andupon the outer face of the disk the letters Tand I are produced to indicate, respectively,- time and instantaneousWork. At the top of the lever-arm 59 a notch'or index 62 is made, Whilea pin 63 is secured to the inner face of the handle portion of the lever59, as is shown in Fig. 3.4 Adjacent to the letter I a pin 64 issecuredupon the disk 60, and opposite the letters T and I apertures 65and 66 are made in the disk 60, as is indicated in Fig. 4. When the diskis set for instantaneous work, as is shown in Fig. 4, the pin 64 on thedisk 60 will be under the horizontal member of the elbow-lever 57.Therefore when the mirror 15 is tripped and its lever-arm is carriedupward and forward the vertical member ofthe trip-lever 57 Will beforced against the trip-stud 55 to operate the same, since thedisk willbe locked to the lever-arm 59 by the pin 63 on the lever-arm enteringthe aperture in the disk- 60. When a time exposure is to be made, thedisk 60 is turnedlto bring the letter T uppermost, carrying the pin 64on-the disk 60 out of the ath of the elbow or trip lever 57 and then t epin 63 will have enteredl the a erture 66 on the disk 60, locking thedisk 1n its new position. The mirror 15 may now be tripped withoutdisturbing the lever 57, which can be operated when desired. 1t will benderstood that in making timeexposures in t is manner the shutter is setwith the indication T on the disk 48 exposed, the plate being covered bythe shutter and the first pressure on lever v57 bringing the largestopening 32 in position and the second pressure releasing the shutter tocover the plate. A spring 7 0 in the tension-roller 13 is wcvnlnd up byturning a knob 67 at the right-hand end of the shaft ofsaid roller, asshown in Figs. 3 and 4, and adjacent to the said knob a cam 68' issecured to the said shaft, and said cam is engaged by aspring-controlled es.- capement-pawl, as is best shown in Fig. 4.

At the lower left-hand side of the camerabox .an indicating-Wheel 71 ismounted .on a

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suitable pivot-pin 72, being contained within a housing 73, vand thisindicator-wheel 71 isprovided with peripheral teeth and with iiguresreading from 1 to 6, for example, which figures can be read at asuitable sightopening in the said housing 73. These figures indicate theamount of tension-that is, whether the tension on the roller is much orlittle--and the teeth of the said indicatorwheel 71 are engaged by apawl 74, which pawl is likewise engaged by a disk 75, mounted on theleft-hand end of the shaft of the tension-controlled roller. Said disk75 carries a pin 76, which operates intermittently on the teeth of thewheel 71 to turn the same.

While the winding mechanism shown in Figs. 4 and 5 will effectivelyperform all the functions heretofore assigned to it, the addition shownin Fig. 11 is a very important adjunct, as by its means the shuttercannot be wound upu nless the focusing-mirror is in focusing position,in which bsition of the mirror light is shut off from tlie late. Thisaddition consists in securing a isk 77 upon the stem 37 at the outsideof the plate 35, which disk is provided with two opposing pins 78 and79, which correspond to the lugs 39 and 40 at the inner face of thegear-wheel 38, either one or the other of which pins are engaged, whenthe focusing-mirror is in an upper position, by the head 80 of thelatcharm 81, pivoted at the outside ofthe camerabox, being pressed indirection of the pins by a spring 82.

In connection with the foregoing construction the setting-disk isprovided with two inwardly-extending extra pins 83 and 84, shorter thanthe pin 64. 'Under this arrangement if the disk 60 be turned so that theletter "I is uppermost, as shown, and the leverarm 59 is in its lowerposition (shown by fullI lines in Fig. 11) the mirror 15 is in focusingposition, and the head of. the latch-arm 81 will be held out of the pathof the pins 78 'and 79 bythe pin 83 on the setting dial or disk 60engaging with the latch-arm to press it back, permitting the windingmechanism to be freely operated; but when the lever-arm 59 is beingmoved to the upper position, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 11,)carrying the mirror with it, the pin 83 holds the latch-arm 81 out ofthepath of the pins 78 and 79 until the pin 64 operates the lever 57 torelease the shutter and holds said latch out of this path during therotation of the disk 77, or at least until the pin with which the latchwas engaged has moved away from the latch, and as soon as this movementhas taken place and during the latter part of the movement of the lever59 and mirror the pin 83 passes out of engagement with the latch andallows it to be moved by its spring into the path of the pins 78 and 79to prevent the winding ofthe shutter until the lever-arm 59 is againcarried 'downward to restore the mirror to its focusing position. Thefunction of the pin 84 is to coperate with the catch 81 in a similarmanner as that above described when the disk 60 is adjusted with theindication T lin the uppermost position, (or the position occupied bythe indication If in Fig. 11,) thereby preventing Winding the shutterwhen the mirror is in raised position. As the pin 83, controlling thelatch 81 when instantaneous exposures are being made, is located inclose proximity to the pin 64,it'will be understood that one pin orprojection could be employed to perform the functions of both; but itwould of necessity be long enough to engage the arm 57. The arrow shownin Fig. 11 indi- .cates the direction of rotation of the disk 77 duringthe exposure.

It will be understood that with the device described and shown hereinthel operator is enabled to make successive exposures with uniformaperture by rewinding the shutter after each exposure, or he may` varythe speed by adjusting the operating-spring, or he may make a series ofexposures with apertures varying in width from the smallest to thelargest without rewinding the shutter, or he may vary the speed of theshutter for any of these exposures, or he may by disconnecting themirror from the shutter-release make time exposures, one movement of therelea sing device opening the shutter and the second movement closingit, or he may by running the shutter down until the indication O is inposition leaving the full aperture make a slow instantaneous exposure bycausing the upward movement of the mirror to .release the shutter, thepin 64 coperating with the releasing-lever 57.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. In a camera, a curtain-shutter having amultiplicity of openings of graduated widths, the smallest opening beingat the bottom of the shutter, each opening beinglongitudinallyreinforced at its edges with a binding of more rigid material than thatof the body of the shutter and having its endsdefined by pliable tapes.

2. In a camera, a curtain-shutter having a multiplicity of openings ofgraduated widths and a covering portion beyond the largest opening,awinding and a tension roller for tl a IOO shutter and devices forregulating and indir\windin taln-shutter connected with the two rollers,a l and lockmg the Winding mechanism and windin mechanism consisting ofa gear, means Ior turning the gear, a pinion mou nted on the shaft oflthe Winding-roller meshing with the gear, opposing lugs carried by theear, asprlng-controlled escapement mounted or movement relative to thegear, and fingers upon the escapement, adapted for alternately engagingthe lugs as the escapementismoved y in opposite directions.

4. In a camera, a box, a winding-roller and a tension-rollermounted inthe box, a curtain-shutter connected with the two rollers, a mechanismconsisting of a gear, means or turnin it, a pinion mounted on theshaftv'of the win ing-roller meshing with the gear, opposin lugscrriedby the lglear,r a spri -control ed escapement Whic surroun sl thegearand pinion, which esca ement is mounted for sliding movement, ngersupon theescapement, adapted to alternately engage the lugs to arrest thegear, a trip for the escapement, and means for operating said tri yfortime or'for instantaneous operation oft e shutter.

5. In a camera, a box, a wlndm -roller and a tenslon-roller mounted 1nthe ox, a cur- I tain-shutter connected with the two rollers,a

Winding mechanism consisting of a gear, means for turning the gear, apinion mounted on the shaft ofthe wihding-roller .meshing with the gear,opposing lugs' carried by the gear,- a spring-controlled escapementwhich surrounds the gear and pinion, which escapement is mounted forsliding movement, fingers upon the escapement, adapted to alternatelylengage the lugs on the gear, as-the escapement is moved 1n oppositedirections, a trip for the escapement, means for operating said trip fortimeor for instantaneous operation of the shutter, an indicator-wheelmounted upon the box, land means carried bythe shaft of thewinding-roller for operating said indicator-wheel under the control ofthe winding mechanism.

6. In a camera, a curtain-shutter havin av multiplicity of openin s ofgraduated widt s, the smallest openingein at the bottom of the shutter,.each opening eing reinforced at its longitudinal edges withbinding-strips of more r1gid materialJ than that" of the body of theshutter, said binding-stri s each consist- "ing of a rear flat member ana front arched member, the material of the shutter being received andsecured between the `two .side members, the said openings having theirends defined by pliable tapes.

7. In a camera, the combination with a box, a winding-roller, atension-roller, a curtain-shutter connecting the rollers, a winding andrelease mechanism for the curtain embodying a wheel and aspring-operated escapement coperating therewith, ofa focusing-mirror, alever for operating it, and a `spring-controlled locking-'armforengaging adapted to be engaged by the mirror-operating lever when themirror is being moved out of focusing position.

8. I n a camera, the combination with the winding mechanism thereofhaving projections and a locking-arm adapted for predeterminedengagement with sald projections on the winding mechanism, of afocusing-mirror, a lever-arm arranged to move the said mirror from alower focusing to an upper position, said lever-arm being provided witha projection adapted for engagement with the locking-arm to carry saidlocking-arm out of action when the mirror is in focusing position,

ermitting the said locking-arm to return to ocking position when thefocusing-mirror is' in its upper osition;

9. In a shutter mechanism for cameras, the combination with a casinghaving an exposure-opening, winding and tension rollers and acurtain-shutter having a plurality of apertures of different widths, thelargest be- 4ing -nearest the Winding-roller and constituting thefull-exposure aperture and covering portions on both sides of thelatter, of controlling devices for the winding-roller embodying a rotarydisk having iixed stops thereon and an escapement therefor also havingiixed projections, said stops and projections being so arranged relativeto th(J apertures in the shutter, that each successive movement of theshutter in one direction will carry one of the narrower curtain-aertures past they exposure-opening and t e next movement will bring thefull aperture into register with' the exposure-opening and arrest theshutter and the next will cover the opening.

10. In a shutter mechanism for cameras, the combination with a casinghaving an exposure-opening, winding and tension rollers and acurtain-shutter having a-plurality of instantaneous-exposure aperturesof different widths, a Wider full-exposure aperture and coveringportions on both sides of the latter, of controlling devices for theWindingrroll'er embodying a rotary disk4 having ixed stops thereon, anescapement having fixed projections coperating with the stops, the exosure-opening, the shutter-apertures and dis being soarranged-relatively that at each successive release of the escapementone of the narrower instantaneous apertures of the curtain-shutter willpass the exposure-opening and the full-exposure aperture will bearrested when coincident with the exposureopening and the next releaseof the escapement will cause the shutter to close said opening. 1

11. AIn a shutter mechanism' for cameras,

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the combination with acasinghaving an ex- Vposure-opening, winding andtension rollers and a curtain-shutter having a' p`lur'ality of linstantaneous-exposure apertures of different widths, a wider full-exosure aperture and covering portions on bot 1 sides of the latter, ofcontrolling devices for the windingroller embodying a rotary disk havingixed stops, an oscillatory escapeinent having fixed projectionscooperating with the stops, an

.automatically-opening cover for the exposure-opening, a catch forretaining it and connections between said cover and the escapement forcausing the release of the latter cach time the cover is'opened.

12. In a shutter mechanism for cameras, the combination with a casinghaving an exposure-opening, winding and tension rollers and acurtain-shutter having a plurality of instantaneous exposure-aperturesof dill'erent widths, a Wider full-exposure aperture and coveringportions on both sides of the latter, of controlling devices for theWindingroller embodying a'rotary disk having iixed stops, an oscillatoryescapementy having fixed proiections cooperating with the stops, a coverfor the exposure-opening, and ccnnections between said cover and theescapement for causing the release of the latter each time the cover isopened.

13, In a shutter niechanisla'for can' eras, the combination with acasing having an exposure-opening, winding and tension rollersA and acurtain-slmtter having apl'- rality ol'l instantaneous-exposureapertures of di'lTerent widths, a wider `full-exposure aperture andcovering portions on both sides of the latter, of controlling devicesfor the windingroller embodying a rotary disk having stops, anyoscillatory escape .i ent having projections cooperating with thestops, a cover for the exposure-opening and adjustable connectionsbetween the cover and escapenent for caosing the release of the shutterby the cover or permitting its independent release.

14. In shutter mechanism for cameras, the combination with a casinghaving an exposure-opening, winding and tension rollers and acurtain-shutter having a plurality of instantaneous-expos'ore aperturesof diilerent widths, a wider full-eXpos'i-re apert'A re and coveringportions on both sides of the latter, of controlling devices for thewindingroller embodying a rotary disk having stops, an oscillatoryescapement having projections cooperating with the stops, aspring-operated cover for the exposure-opening, a catch for retainingit, and adjustable connections between the cover and escapement forper@v itting the release ofthe shutter by the cover or permitting itsindependent release.

15. The combination with. .a casing having an exposure-opening, windingand tension rollers and a curtain-shutter having a timeexposure apertureat least as large vas the exposure-.opening .in the easing and a smallerinstantaneous-exposure aperture and covering portions on opposite sidesof said apertures, of controlling devices for the windingrollerembodying an escapement mechanism, the relation between the rollers,shutter-apertures and escapement being such that after the shutter isset, successive movements ol' the escapement will release and arrest theshutter before and after the 'instantaneousopening has passed theexposure-opening and before and alter the time-opening has passed andwhile it is in alinement with said opening.

1G. The combination wil h a easing having an exposure-opening, anapertured springoperated shutter imvable past said opening, and meansfor manually actuating it in one direction, el a movable cover for saidexposure-opening, a catch for restraining the operating device andconnections between said cover and catch to prevent the operation ot theactuating device save when the cover is in position to coverexposure-opening.

17. The combination with a easing having an exposure-opening, anapertured springoperated shutter movable past said opening and means formanually actuating it in one direction, of a u'ovable cover for saidexposmc-opening, a tripping device for releasing said shutter,adjustable connections between said tripping device and the cover tocause the operation ol' the former by the latter or per i uit itsindependent operation and a catch for restraining the act-'eating deviceand operable bythe cover to release the actuating device when the latteris either over or away from the exposure-opening.

18. The con'ibination with the casing having an exposure-opening, anapertured springoperated shutter movable past said opening, means formanually operating said shutter in one direction, a tripping device forsaid shutter, and a separate retaining-catch therefor, of a member adjustably connected to the cover having a port-ion adapted to cooperatewith the tripping device and portions coperating with theretaining-catch to hold it out of engagement save at the extremes ofmovement of thecover.

19. The combination with the casing having an exposure-opening, anapertured springoperated shutter 1r ovable past said opening, means formanually operating said shutter in one direction, a tripping device forthe shutter and a separate automatic shutter-retaining device, of acover for the aperture, a member adjustably connected to said coverhaving a portion therein for engaging the tripping device and otherportions adapted to engage the retaining device for holding it out ofengagement save at the extremes of noveaent of the cover.

In testimony whereof I have signed my nane to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses. l,

WILLIAM F. FOLMER.

` Witnesses:

J. FREDK. AoKEn, JNo.- M. RITTER.

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